Telephonic transmitter



(No Model.) 2 Sheets- Sheet 1. H. CLAY.- TELEPHONIG TRANSMITTER.

Phommmgmpher, wnshngmn, D. c.

(No Model.)

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

Y H. CLAY. TELBPHONIG TRANSMITTER.

Patented May 6, 1884.

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N, PETERS, Photo-Lilhugmphnr. Waxhngmn, D. C.

Nirnn STAT-ns .Arnivr trios.

HENRY CLAY, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE CLAYCOMMERCIAL TELEPHONE COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

TELEPHONIC TRANSMITTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 298,286, dated May 6,1884.

Application filed May 1, 1883. (No mode.)

and 3 are respectivelya perspective and an elevation of details. Fig. 4is a vertical section illustrating modified arrangement of circuits.Fig. 5 is a similar view of a modification of my invention, and Figs. 6and 7 are respectively a perspective and a section of furthermodifications.

My invention has relation to that class of telephonic transmitterswherein the changes of pressure upon a carbon block cause it to offerdifferent resistances to the passage of an electric current, so as tovary its strength in unison with the rise and fall of Vocal utterances;and it has for its object to simplify the construct-ion of theinstrument, make it more compact and durable, regulate the force ofcontact of the electrodes, and increase the electro-motive force of theinduced currents.

My invention accordingly consists of the novel combination,construction, and arrangement of parts, as hereinafter described andclaimed.

In the drawings, Arepresents a box or casing having a hinged lid, a., towhich is suitably secured a diaphragm, B, having a platina or otherelectrode, b, attached thereto. On each side of said electrode, andsecured to diaphragm B, are brackets or supports C, which have an upwardinclination, as shown, so that when the carbon block D is placed thereonit automatically maintains its contact with the electrode b.

b represents another electrode secured to a bar, e, fastened to the endse e of an inductioncoil, E, the core e2 of which is pivoted at f to anut, F, engaging with ascrew, G, having a shoulder, g, and bearings g g2in an arm or bracket, H, secured to door a or one of the sides of thebox A. The core el is eut away at e3 or at its lower end, which is inline with a soft-iron or other bar, I, capable of being magnetized. Saidbar is threaded at ,'and is supported by the door a, so as to beadjustable to and from the end e of core e2. By 5 5 turning the screw Gthe nut F is adjusted thereon, to regulate the contact of electrode bwith carbon block D, and such initial contact is duly maintained by thegravity of the induction-coil E, while the pivotal connection ofthe 6olatter permits it to yield to the vibrations of the diaphragm B.

J represents the local battery or generator in circuit with theelectrodes and the primary circuit of the induction-coil E, and l theline 6 5 leading to the secondary circuit of such coil, and is suitablygrounded, as shown at 2. Such arrangement is the usual one, and is moreplainly shown in Fig. 4.

The operation is as follows: The initial ad- 7o justment of the screw Gbeing made for obtaining corresponding contact of the electrodes, thebar I is adjusted until its end t" nearly but not quite contacts withthe end c of core e. The sound-waves vibrating the diaphragm B vary thestrength of the batterycurrent and set up corresponding induced currentsin the secondary circuit ofthe coil E in the customary manner, andcorrespondingly niagnetize the core e?, which in turn is proportion? 8oately attracted by bar I, and thereby regulates the force of contact ofthe electrodes in unison with the vibrations of the diaphragm, to obtainamore eiicient variation in the battery-current; or, in other words, thecoil E is not only an induction coil, but also acts as a governor forregulating the force of contact of' the electrodes and a damper for thediaphragm, which is prevented from having prolonged vibrations by thegravity of the induc- 9o tion coil. The variations of the magneticcharge induced in core e2 variably magnetize bar I for regulating theforce of contact of the electrodes.

It will be noticed that the carbon block D is loose upon the supports C,and presents diametrical points for contact with the electrodes, as moreplainly shown in Figs. 2 and 3. Consequently, as the diaphragm vibrates,the block D rotates fand presents new points IOO of contact for theelectrodes. This revolving of the block D is caused by vibrations ot'the diaphragm, which at each vibration leaves a small space for theblock to roll in. TWhile the partial revolution of the block at eachvibration of the diaphragm is very minute, in the aggregate it issuflicient to turn the block in such a manner as io make the wear uponthe latter uniform.

If an aural tube, K, is attached to box A as represented in Fig. l, theinstrument may be used as a receiver, as well as a transmitter, thereceiving sound-waves being produced by the vibration of the diaphragm.

In Fig. 5 I have represented my invention applied to a portable or handtransmitter, wherein the screw G and appurtenances are dispensed with, aspring being substituted therefor, the carbon block D. resting within arecess on the bar e, and the core e2 is provided with anadjusting-screw, M, having an insulated end, m. rIhe casing A has anaural or ear piece, as shown.

In Fig. 6 is shown a deflector, L, which serves the same purpose as thetube K. In this figure the diaphragm B is in the front of the device,and the deflector L is at one end, and so shaped as to be opposite theear. The sound from the diaphragm passes through the opening L in thecase to the deflector, and from thence out of opening L2. o

In Fig. 7 `I have illustrated a modiiied arrangement of the primary andsecondary c ircuits ofthe induction-coil E. Such construction causesthereceived articulations to be more distinct or pronounced by reason of apart of the secondary circuit being wound next the core e2. While I haveshown the supports C having inclined sides, in order that the gravity ofthe block D may be utilized to maintain its contact with the electrodeb, yet I do not confine my invention thereto, as said supports may beright-angle brackets and the box A tilted forward at its upper end tocause said block to .make contact with electrode b. So, too,while I haverepresented screw and spring mechanism for causing the core e2 and coilE to maintain contact of electrode b and'block D, yet I do not limitmyself thereto, as any other suitable mechanism or appurtenances thatwill accomplish such result may be substituted therefor, said coil beingin all cases provided with or carrying the electrode b.

I am aware that a swinging bar, a diaphragm, electrodes interposedbetween the bar and diaphragm', and an electro-magnetocontrolling devicecombined together are old. My device differs from that form in that Idispense with the bar and electro-magneticcontrolling device, andsubstitute an induction-coil which has electrodes interposed between itand the diaphragm.

I am aware that a carbon block has been held between two brackets, eachattached to a separate diaphragm, and to that I make no claim. My devicediffers from this construction in that both brackets are attached to onepart, as shown.

What I claim isv l. In atelephonic transmitter, the combination of adiaphragm, an induction-coil, and

electrodes interposed between said diaphragm and induction-coil, whichby its gravity maintains and regulates the force of contact of saidelectrodes, substantially as described.

2. In a telephonie transmitter, the combination of a diaphragm, an adjustably suspended or supported induction coil, and electrodes interposedbetween the diaphragm and induel tion-coil, substantially as described.

3. rIlie combination, with a diaphragm, B, having brackets G C,andelectrode b, of a carbon block, D, held on said brackets, andelectrode b', substantially as described.

4. The combination of a diaphragm carrying an electrode, a suspended andadjustable induction-coil having an electrode, and a cari bon blockbetween said electrodes, substantially as shown and described.

5. 'Ihe combination of a diaphragm, B, induction-coil E, having aprojecting core, electrodes interposed between the diaphragm and coil,and magnetic bar I, substantially as described.

6. In a telephonie transmitter, the combina tion of a diaphragm. and aninduction-coil arranged to regulate by its gravity the force of contactbetween the electrodes and to dampen the prolonged vibrations of saiddiaphragm, substantially as set forth.

7. 'Ihe combination of diaphragm B, induction-coil E, having core e2,electrodes interposed between the diaphragm and coil, and magnetic barI, substantially as shown and described.

8. The'combination of diapliiragm B, induction-coil E, having core e2,electrodes interposed between the diaphragm and coil, bar I, and earpiece or tube K, substantially as shown and described.

9. The combination of diaphragm B, the pivoted or suspendedinduction-coil E, having core e2, electrodes interposed betweenthediaphragm and coil, and adjustable bar I, substantially as shown anddescribed.

l0. The combination of diaphragm B, pivoted and adjustableinduction-coil E, electrodes interposed between the diaphragm and coil,and adjustable bar I, substantially as shown and described.

11. In a telephonie transmitter, the combination, with theinduction-coil E, of core e2, nut F, and screw G, substantially as shownand described.

12. The combination of diaphragm B, carrying electrode b, and brackets CC, the adjustable induction coil E, carrying electrode b', and thecarbon block D, supported. upon said brackets., and presentingdiametrical points of contact to the electrodes, substantially as shownand described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

HENRY CLAY.

Vitnesses:

S. J. VAN Sravonnn, C. W. WILLIAMs.

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